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Mozarabic chant
Mozarabic chant (also known as Hispanic chant, Old Hispanic chant, Old Spanish chant, or Visigothic chant) is the liturgical plainchant repertory of the Mozarabic rite of the Roman Catholic Church, related to the Gregorian chant. It is primarily associated with Hispania under Visigothic rule (mainly in what was to become modern Spain) and with the Catholic Mozarabs living under Muslim rule, and was soon replaced by the chant of the Roman rite following the Christian Reconquest. Although its original medieval form is largely lost, a few chants have survived with readable musical notation, and the chanted rite was later revived in altered form and continues to be used in a few isolated locations in Spain, primarily in Toledo.
==Terminology==
Dissatisfaction with the term ''"Mozarabic chant"'' has led to the use of several competing names for the music to which it refers. The term ''Mozarabic'' refers to the Mozarabs, that is, the Christians of Hispania (modern Spain and Portugal) living under Muslim rule. However, the chant existed before the Muslim occupation began in 711. ''Visigothic'' refers to the Visigoths who dominated the Iberian peninsula in the centuries prior to the Muslim invasion and converted from Arian Christianity to Roman Catholic Christianity in 587. However, this Catholic rite existed in Hispania prior to their conversion, and the chant was not limited to the Visigoths, so ''Old Spanish'' has been used as an inaccurate alternative. Because the chant was found in Portugal as well as Spain, the terms ''Hispanic'' and ''Old Hispanic'' have also been used by scholars. Because of the ambiguity and vagueness of the term "Hispanic", "Mozarabic" is preferred despite its inaccuracy and the confusion it can cause.
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